Gender and the commons: Pastoral women’s land rights and village land use planning in Tanzania: Experiences from the sustainable rangeland management project

Abstract

In pastoral societies women face many challenges. Some describe these as a ‘double burden’ –
that is, as pastoralists and as women. However, pastoral women may obtain a significant degree
of protection from customary law even if customary institutions are male-dominated. In periods
of change (economic, social, political), this protection may be lost, and without protection from
statutory laws, women are in danger of “falling between two stools” (Adoko and Levine 2009). A
study carried out in four villages in Tanzania, supported by the International Land Coalition,
sought to understand the challenges and opportunities facing pastoral women with respect to
accessing land and resources, in the context of village land use planning. This research presents
empirical data on pastoral women’s land rights, shedding light on some of the details of these
and their manifestation considering the differing contexts, land use patterns, and nature of
rights to land. There are some common themes – particularly around the challenges facing
women in pastoral communities including lack of space to make their views heard, lack of
awareness of their rights, coupled with broader governance challenges. New processes
underway such as a government-led review of Tanzania’s land policy and the accompanied
implementation strategy ,the new land policy provide opportunities to overcome these
challenges.