Analysis of Tieghemella heckelii x Theobroma cacao L. Interaction in Traditional Agroforestry Systems in Western Cote d'Ivoire

Abstract

Agromorphological and productivity parameters and incomes of cocoa companion trees assessment was studied to identify the ecological interaction between Tieghemella heckelii (makoré) and cocoa (Theobroma cacao) trees in Cote d'Ivoire. To this end studies have been carried out in rural areas in the locations of Duekoué and Taï. This work was conducted on the cocoa trees around the makoré trees over three distances around the tree (10, 20, and 30 m). Several parameters related to morphology, productivity, biomass, and CO2 stock were determined, for the two speculations. Results indicated that the trees of makoré used have the same characteristics (size, DBH, biomass, and CO2 stock). However, a difference in the shape of the fruit and/or the seed (weight of the fruit, length, and width of the seeds) and the number of seeds contained in the fruits was observed, thus reflecting a variability of individuals. Moreover, the density and yield of cocoa trees increased with distance. Indeed, cocoa trees located 30 m from the makoré trees recorded the highest rates of healthy pods. The rate of rotten and gnawed pods was similar for all distances considered, and cocoa trees located 20 m from the makoré trees were the most vigorous. Additionally, the biomass and the CO2 stock were high for large diameter and tall cocoa trees, especially the cocoa trees located 20 and 30 m from the makoré trees