Conflict analysis of Kenya

Abstract

Kenya is a large multi-ethnic country, with over 40 different ethnic groups and many overlapping conflicts. It has high levels of sexual and gender-based violence and of intercommunal violence; low levels of persistent violence; cycles of election-related violence; and increasing numbers of terrorist attacks. The incidence, gravity and intensity of violence have all increased in recent years. Conflict dynamics which have a particularly important impact on conflict in Kenya are highlighted. Recommendations from the literature include measures to strengthen Kenya’s security, combat the threat of Al-Shabaab and radicalisation, and address pastoral violence in the drylands of Kenya. They include a focus on: (i) addressing inequalities and socioeconomic marginalisation; (ii) reforming the security sector and tackling corruption; (iii) improving the relationship between the state and Muslim communities; (iv) refraining from hate speech and ‘collective punishment’; and (v) engaging in conflict-sensitive development