This project has succeeded in the development of a risk warning system for Larger Grain Borer (LGB) that enables those advising farmers to predict when 'bad years' for LGB attack are expected. This is a crucial step towards integrated pest management as it will permit farmers to make decisions based on risk. In addition, a method of targeting pesticide treatment within the grain stock, so that up to 80% less pesticide is required, has been developed that improves the cost effectiveness and reduces the risks of pesticide usage