Molecular diversity and population structure of the Ethiopian lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus) genotype assessment using SSR markers

Abstract

Knowledge of genetic diversity is essential for formulating effective germplasm collection, conservation
and utilization strategies in crop improvement programs. It also provides an opportunity to take corrective
steps infusing new genes to avoid risks associated with a narrow genetic base. Here, we analysed the
genetic diversity of 119 lentil genotypes, including 83 germplasm accessions from Ethiopia and 36 exotic
accessions from International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, using 27 simple
sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Analysis Molecular of Variance estimated the variations of 82% within
and 18% among the populations. The degree of polymorphism observed among the populations was
100%. A total of 122 alleles were detected, which ranged from 2 to 7 alleles per locus, with a mean of
4.52 alleles per locus. The estimated gene diversity for 27 loci was 0.64. The average Shannon's
information index value of 1.19, showed the existence of high genetic variation within the genotypes.
The genetic similarity indices ranged from 0.21 to 1.00. The SSR markers showed an average
polymorphic information content (PIC) value of 0.58. Cluster analysis grouped the genotypes into five
major clusters as distinct genetic populations. This molecular diversity information provides a basis for
future germplasm collection, utilization, and conservation strategies in gene banks and introducing exotic
germplasm to widen the genetic base of the current lentil breeding populations