Evidence

Tanaka, Sonja; and Njuki, Jemimah. 2021. Introducing global food 50/50: Brief prepared for the UN Food Systems Pre-Summit 2021. Washington, DC: Global Health 50/50; and International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). https://doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.134480

Leveraging Evidence for Access and Development. 2021. Conducting a systematic review: Methodology and steps. Chennai, India: LEAD at KREA University.

Leveraging Evidence for Access and Development. 2021. Gender in agriculture and food systems: An Evidence Gap Map. Chennai, India: LEAD at KREA University

Annet A. Mulema, Cathy R. Farnworth, Kathleen E. Colverson, 'Gender-based constraints and opportunities to women’s participation in the small ruminant value chain in Ethiopia: A community capitals analysis', Community Development, vol. 48(3), pp.351-369, Informa UK Limited, 2016

Cole, S.M., Puskur, R., Rajaratnam, S., Zulu, F. (2015) Culture, Society & Masculinities, 7(2) (open access)

Ravula Padmaja et al., 'Understanding nutritional outcomes through gendered analysis of time-use patterns in semi-arid India', Global Food Security, vol. 23, pp.49-63, Elsevier BV, 2019

FAO, IFAD & WFP. 2021. Knowledge exchange event: Good practices from the United Nations Rome-based Agencies for gender equality incentive and mainstreaming mechanisms. Summary report. Rome, FAO.  https://doi.org/10.4060/cb5797en

Chang, Wei, Lucía Díaz-Martin, Akshara Gopalan, Eleonora Guarnieri, Seema Jayachandran and Claire Walsh. 2020. What works to enhance women’s agency: Cross-cutting lessons from experimental and quasi-experimental studies. J-PAL working paper. Cambridge, MA: Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab.

J-PAL Evidence Review. 2020. “Enhancing women’s agency: Cross-cutting lessons from experimental and quasi-experimental studies in low- and middle-income countries.” Cambridge, MA: Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab.

Global Health 50/50; and International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). 2021. 2021 global food 50/50 report: A review of the gender- and equity-related policies and practices of 52 organizations active in the global food system. Washington, DC: Global Health 50/50. https://doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.134569

Petesch, P., and R. Bullock. 2018. “Ladder of Power and Freedom: Qualitative Data Collection Tool to Understand Local Perceptions of Agency and Decision-Making.” GENNOVATE Resources for Scientists and Research Teams, CIMMYT, Mexico City. https://hdl.handle.net/10883/19343

Narayan, D. 2005. “Conceptual Frameworks and Methodological Challenges.” In Measuring Empowerment: Cross-Disciplinary Perspectives, edited by D. Narayan, 3–38. Washington, DC: World Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/7441

 

Dina Najjar & Aymen Frija & Aman El Garhi, 2018. "A Typology Analysis of Agricultural Empowerment Profiles in Rural Egypt with a Particular Focus on Women," Working Papers 1198, Economic Research Forum, revised 24 May 2018.

Mosedale, S. 2005. “Assessing Women’s Empowerment: Towards a Conceptual Framework.” Journal of International Development 17 (2): 243–257. https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.1212

Hazel Malapit, Agnes Quisumbing, Ruth Meinzen-Dick, Greg, Seymour, Elena M. Martinez, Jessica Heckert, Deborah Rubin, Ana Vaz, Kathryn M. Yount, Development of the project-level Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (pro-WEAI), World Development, Volume 122, 2019,
Pages 675-692,
ISSN 0305-750X,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2019.06.018.

Malapit, Hazel J.; Kovarik, Chiara; Sproule, Kathryn; Meinzen-Dick, Ruth Suseela; and Quisumbing, Agnes R. 2020. Instructional guide on the abbreviated Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (A-WEAI). Washington, D.C.: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). http://ebrary.ifpri.org/cdm/ref/collection/p15738coll2/id/129719

Lombardini, S., and K. McCollum. 2018. ‘Using Internal Evaluations to Measure Organisational Impact: A Meta-Analysis of Oxfam’s Women’s Empowerment Projects.” Journal of Development Effectiveness 10 (1): 145–170. https://doi.org/10.1080/19439342.2017.1377750

Kosec, Katrina; Akramov, Kamiljon T.; Mirkasimov, Bakhrom; and Song, Jie. 2018. Aspirations and women’s empowerment: Evidence from Kyrgyzstan. IFPRI Discussion Paper 1786. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). http://ebrary.ifpri.org/cdm/ref/collection/p15738coll2/id/133033

Kabeer, N. 1999. “Resources, Agency, Achievements: Reflections on the Measurement of Women’s Empowerment.” Development and Change 30: 435–464. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-7660.00125

Johnson, N., M. Balagamwala, C. Pinkstaff, S. Theis, R. Meinzen-Dick, A. Quisumbing. 2018. “How Do Agricultural Development Projects Empower Women? Linking Strategies with Expected Outcomes.” Journal of Gender, Agriculture and Food Security 3 (2): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.293596

Jewkes, R. 2002. “Intimate Partner Violence: Causes and Prevention.” The Lancet 359 (9315): 1423–1429. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08357-5

Hillenbrand, E., N. Karim, P. Mohanraj, D. Wu. 2015. “Measuring Gender Transformative Change: A Review of Literature and Promising Practices.” Working Paper, CARE USA, Atlanta, GA.

Galiè, A., Teufel, N., Korir, L. et al. The Women’s Empowerment in Livestock Index. Soc Indic Res 142, 799–825 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-018-1934-z

FAO (Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations). 2011. The State of Food and Agriculture. Women in Agriculture: Closing the Gender Gap for Development. Rome: FAO

Cornwall, A. 2016. “Women’s Empowerment: What Works?” Journal of International Development 28 (3): 342–359. https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.3210

To cite this article: Jane Carter, Sarah Byrne, Kai Schrader, Humayun Kabir, Zenebe Bashaw Uraguchi, Bhanu Pandit, Badri Manandhar, Merita Barileva, Norbert Pijls & Pascal Fendrich (2014) Learning about women's empowerment in the context of development projects: do the figures tell us enough?, Gender & Development, 22:2, 327-349, DOI: 10.1080/13552074.2014.920986.

CARE. 2015. Designing a Common Gender Indicator Framework for CARE’s Pathways Program. Atlanta, GA: CARE USA. https://www.fsnnetwork.org/resource/designing-common-gender-indicator-framework-cares-pathways-program

Batliwala, S., and A. Pittman. 2010. “Capturing Change in Women’s Realities: A Critical Overview of Current Monitoring & Evaluation Frameworks and Approaches.” Toronto: AWID. https://www.awid.org/publications/capturing-change-womens-realities

Batliwala, S. 2007. “Taking the Power out of Empowerment: An Experiential Account.” Development in Practice 17 (4–5): 557–565. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25548253

Mader, P., and S. Morvant-Roux. 2019. “Financial inclusion and microfinance.” In Handbook of Social Policy and Development, edited by Midgley, J., Surender, R., and L. Alfers, 411–30. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781785368431.00030.

Duvendack, M., and P. Mader. 2019. “Impact of financial inclusion in low‐ and middle‐income countries: A systematic review of reviews. International Development, Methods.” Oslo, Norway: Campbell Collaboration. https://doi.org/10.4073/csr.2019.2

Duvendack, M., and P. Mader. 2020. “Impact of financial inclusion in low‐ and middle‐income countries: A systematic review of reviews. International Development, Methods.” Journal of Economic Surveys 34 (3): 594–629. https://doi.org/10.1111/joes.12367.

Lawrence, P. G., Sanders, J. H., and S. Ramaswamy. 1999. “The impact of agricultural and household technologies on women: A conceptual and quantitative analysis in Burkina Faso.” Agricultural Economics 20 (3): 203-14. https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/174976

Gulati, Kajal; Ward, Patrick S.; Lybbert, Travis J.; and Spielman, David J. 2019. Intrahousehold preference heterogeneity and demand for labor-saving agricultural technology: The case of mechanical rice transplanting in India. IFPRI Discussion Paper 1880. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).

Cheryl R Doss, “Designing Agricultural Technology for African Women Farmers: Lessons from 25 Years of Experience”, World Development, Volume 29, Issue 12, 2001, Pages 2075-2092, ISSN 0305-750X, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-750X(01)00088-2.

Adesina, A. A., and M. M. Zinnah. 1993. “Technology characteristics, farmers’ perceptions and adoption decisions: A Tobit model application in Sierra Leone.”  Agricultural Economics 09 (4): 297–311.

Vemireddy, Vidya, and Anjali Choudhary. 2021. "A systematic review of labor-saving technologies: Implications for women in agriculture. " Global Food Security 29 (100541). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2021.100541.

World Bank Group; Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2018. Male Outmigration and Women's Work and Empowerment in Agriculture : The Case of Nepal and Senegal. World Bank, Washington, DC. © World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/30066 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.

Dina Najjar, Bipasha Baruah, Aman Garhi. (1/4/2019). Women, irrigation and social norms in Egypt: "The more things change, the more they stay the same. Water Policy, 21 (2), pp. 291-309.

de Brauw, A., Mueller, V. and H.L. Lee. 2014. “The role of rural-urban migration in the structural transformation of SubSaharan Africa.” World Development 63, 33–42 . 

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2013.10.013

 

 

 

 

 

Jemima Nomunume Baada, Bipasha Baruah & Isaac Luginaah (2019) ‘What we were running from is what we’re facing again’: examining the paradox of migration as a livelihood improvement strategy among migrant women farmers in the Brong-Ahafo Region of Ghana, Migration and Development, 8:3, 448-471, DOI: 10.1080/21632324.2019.1573564

Tamer Afifi, Andrea Milan, Benjamin Etzold, Benjamin Schraven, Christina Rademacher-Schulz, Patrick Sakdapolrak, Alexander Reif, Kees van der Geest & Koko Warner (2016) Human mobility in response to rainfall variability: opportunities for migration as a successful adaptation strategy in eight case studies, Migration and Development, 5:2, 254-274, DOI: 10.1080/21632324.2015.1022974

Abdelali-Martini, M. and R. Hamza. 2014. “How do migration remittances affect rural livelihoods in drylands?” Journal of International Development 26 (4), 454–70

https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.2896

 

Malika Abdelali‐Martini, Jennie Dey de Pryck, Does the Feminisation of Agricultural Labour Empower Women? Insights from Female Labour Contractors and Workers in Northwest Syria, Journal of International Development, 10.1002/jid.3007, 27, 7, (898-916), (2014). Wiley Online Library

Malika Abdelali-Martini, Patricia Goldey, Gwyn Jones & Elizabeth Bailey (2003) Towards a Feminization of Agricultural Labour in Northwest Syria, The Journal of Peasant Studies, 30:2, 71-94, DOI: 10.1080/03066150412331311139

Cheryl R. Doss, Ruth Meinzen-Dick,
Collective Action within the Household: Insights from Natural Resource Management,
World Development,
Volume 74,
2015,
Pages 171-183,
ISSN 0305-750X,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2015.05.001.
(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305750X15001102)

Kawarazuka, N., C. Locke, C. McDougall, P. Kantor, and M. Morgan. 2017. Bringing analysis of gender and social-ecological resilience together in small-scale fisheries research: challenges and opportunities. Ambio 46:201-213.

Sugden, Fraser; Maskey, Niki; Clement, Floriane; Ramesh, V. 2014. Agrarian stress and climate change in the eastern Gangetic Plains: gendered vulnerability in a stratified social formation. Global Environmental Change - Human and Policy Dimensions, 29:258-269. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.10.008

Farnworth, C.R., Kantor, P., Kruijssen, F., Longley, C., Colverson, K.E. (2016) International Journal of Agricultural Resources, Governance and Ecology, 11(3/4): 262-279

Sophia Huyer, 'Closing the Gender Gap in Agriculture', Gender, Technology and Development, vol. 20(2), pp.105-116, Informa UK Limited, 2017

Nitya Chanana-Nag, Pramod K. Aggarwal, 'Woman in agriculture, and climate risks: hotspots for development', Climatic Change, vol. 158(1), pp.13-27, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2018

Jemimah Njuki, Susan Kaaria, Angeline Chamunorwa, Wanjiku Chiuri, 'Linking Smallholder Farmers to Markets, Gender and Intra-Household Dynamics: Does the Choice of Commodity Matter?', The European Journal of Development Research, vol. 23(3), pp.426-443, Springer Nature, 2011

Alkire Sabina et al., 'The Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index', World Development 52, IFPRI, 2013

Colfer, C.J.P, 'Masculinities in Forests', Routledge, 2020

Sarapura Escobar, S., Puskur, R. (2014) CGIAR Research Program on Aquatic Agricultural Systems. Penang, Malaysia. Working Paper: AAS-2014-45

A Orr, C M Cox, Y Ru, J Ashby, 'Gender and social targeting in plant breeding', CGIAR Gender and Breeding Initiative Working Paper, International Potato Center (CIP), 2018

P. Petesch, L.B. Badstue, G. Prain, 'Gender norms, agency, and innovation in agriculture and natural resource management: the GENNOVATE methodology', CIMMYT, 2018

Doss Cheryl et al., 'Gender inequalities in ownership and control of land in Africa: myth and reality', Agricultural Economics 46, IFPRI, 2015

Katie Tavenner et al., 'Intensifying Inequality? Gendered Trends in Commercializing and Diversifying Smallholder Farming Systems in East Africa', Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, vol. 3, Frontiers Media SA, 2019

Larson, A.M., Monterroso, I., Canturias, P. 2019. Gender and formalization of native communities in the Peruvian Amazon. CIFOR Infobrief No. 238. Bogor, Indonesia: Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR). https://doi.org/10.17528/cifor/007108

V. Ingram et al., 'Gender and Forest, Tree and Agroforestry Value Chains: Evidence from Literature', Routledge, New York, USA, 2016

Van Koppen, B. Water rights, gender, and poverty alleviation. Inclusion and exclusion of women and men smallholders in public irrigation infrastructure development. Agriculture and Human Values 15, 361–374 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007537119163
 

Quisumbing Agnes R., 'Male-female differences in agricultural productivity: methodological issues and empirical evidence', World Development 24, IFPRI, 1996

Twyman, Jennifer; Muriel, Juliana; García, María Alejandra. 2015. Identifying women farmers: Informal gender norms as institutional barriers to recognizing women’s contributions to agriculture. Journal of Gender, Agriculture and Food Security 1(2): 1-17.

Doss, Cheryl; Meinzen-Dick, Ruth Suseela; Quisumbing, Agnes R.; and Theis, Sophie. 2018. Women in agriculture: Four myths. Global Food Security 16(March 2018): 69-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2017.10.001

Thelma Paris et al., 'Assessing the impact of participatory research in rice breeding on poor rice farming households with emphasis on women farmers: a case study in eastern Uttar Pradesh, India', CIMMYT, 2016

Eric A. Coleman, Esther Mwangi, 'Women's participation in forest management: A cross-country analysis', Global Environmental Change, vol. 23(1), pp.193-205, Elsevier BV, 2013

Sophia Huyer et al., 'Supporting women farmers in a changing climate: five policy lessons', 2015

Kawarazuka, N., Locke, C., McDougall, C., Kantor, P., Morgan, M. (2016) Ambio, 46(2): 201-213 (open access)

A. Tegbaru, H. Per, J. FitzSimons, H. Kirscht, 'Resolving the gender empowerment equation in agricultural research - a systems approach', Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment, vol. 13(3-4), pp.131-139, 2015